- Born
- Died
- Birth nameFredericka Carolyn Washington
- Nickname
- The Dark Duse of Hollywood
- Fredi Washington was a pioneering African-American actress whose fair skin and green eyes often were impediments to her showing her extraordinary acting skills. Her talent was often overlooked because of people's obsession with her race and color. In the few films in which she acted her enormous talent as an actress couldn't be hidden.
Her first film performance was with Duke Ellington in a musical short, Black and Tan (1929), as a dancer. In Hollywood she was urged to "pass" for fully white by studio heads, who said they would make her a bigger star than Norma Shearer, Joan Crawford, Constance Bennett and Greta Garbo. Fredi refused. Her best-known role was as the original Peola, in the controversial film Imitation of Life (1934). She appeared with Paul Robeson in The Emperor Jones (1933) and in a few other films with her skin darkened. Her best work was on the stage, notably in "Mamba's Daughters" with Ethel Waters. Fredi never made it to the top like her contemporaries Waters, Josephine Baker, and Nina Mae McKinney because she didn't look "black" enough. But Fredi had what it took, as is more than evident in the few films that she did do.
Her best work was as an activist. She was the head of the Negro Actors Guild, helping black performers get a fair chance in the entertainment industry. Hopefully, people who discover her work today will see her beauty and talent shine through and look beyond her skin color, unlike most people of her time.- IMDb Mini Biography By: AT - msladysoul@aol.com (qv's & corrections by A. Nonymous)
- SpousesDr. Hugh Anthony Bell(December 6, 1952 - October 3, 1970) (his death)Lawrence Brown(July 1933 - 1951) (divorced)
- ParentsRobert T. WashingtonHattie Washington
- RelativesIsabel Washington(Sibling)
- First husband was Lawrence Brown, a trombonist in the Duke Ellington Orchestra. Following their divorce in 1951 she married Connecticut dentist Hugh Anthony Bell, and retired. She worked at the Stamford branch of Bloomingdale's from 1954 to 1980.
- For better or worse, she was stereotyped as the "tragic mulatto", never better than as Peola, the light-skinned daughter of Louise Beavers in Imitation of Life (1934) who tries to pass for white. So realistic was her portrayal that many filmgoers thought she was antiblack in real life.
- As a co-founder of the Negro Actors Guild, the Guild's officers at the time included Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Ethel Waters, Paul Robeson and Adam Clayton Powell Jr., who was married to her sister Isabel Washington. Later Fredi was editor and columnist for "The People's Voice", a weekly paper founded by Powell in 1938. She wrote the regular features "Headlines and Footlights" And "Fredi Speaks".
- Turning down a contract at Universal for fear of being typed in servile roles, she later played a black mother raising a white child in the excellent film One Mile from Heaven (1937).
- Played the lead opposite Paul Robeson in the Broadway play "Black Boy" under the (then) stage name of Edith Warren. She later worked with Robeson again in The Emperor Jones (1933), in which her skin was darkened with makeup for fear that audiences might think Robeson was actually filming love scenes with a white woman.
- [when asked why she didn't try to "pass" for white] Because I'm honest and because you don't have to be white to be good.
- If they want me, they will call me, and if they accept me, they'll have to take me as I am. FW, on why she preferred the stage
- I have never tried to pass for white and never had any desire. I am proud of my race. In Imitation of Life (1934), I was showing how a girl might feel under the circumstances but I am not showing how I felt. I was slightly uncomfortable while making the scene where I stood before the mirror asking, "Am I not white?" No person who strives to be the least bit intelligent should allow a thing like color, something for which none of us is responsible, to mar his life or influence his judgment.
- Why should I have to pass for anything...but an artist?
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