The Temple of Moloch (1914) Poster

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6/10
Film as an Educational Medium
boblipton24 June 2018
Tuberculosis is looked upon as a solved problem in the first world, although I came down with it 35 years ago; stress and the New York Subway system were the probable causes. At the time, my doctor told me, to my surprise, it was common in the poorer parts of the City. However, a year's worth of pills seem to have cured me. How much deadlier the malady was in bygone times, when half the heroines of operas died from it, and as recently as 1960, 10,000 Americans died from it every year!

The Edison Film Company was aware of this and among their film catalogue were the occasional social tracts. This one, made in cooperation with the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. It starts out with a doctor visiting a family where the father is ill with the disease. He demonstrates a few simple techniques for preventing its spread: not letting others drink from his glass, keeping the windows open so fresh air can circulate, and not sweeping to raise dust to induce coughing. these may seem like simple and easily achieved matters, but ignorance in such things was and remains wider spread than we can believe. Neither can it hurt anyone to hear repeated what we already know.

The rest of the movie is a drama about the family that owns the pottery business whose factory is a breeding ground for the disease, shocked and angry to hear it denounced in the papers, until one of their members comes down with the disease. The cast is the Edison stock company of the era, directed by one of their house directors. I't's a competent piece of work, most notable for its strong and practical social utility.
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9/10
Melodrama with a Message
AnnieLola16 May 2010
Warning: Spoilers
The title might lead one to hope that this is a lurid biblical costumer, but alas, such is not the case. Griffith or De Mille might have thrown in a vision of ancient times, but this rare piece is an earnest effort to promote tuberculosis prevention and cure, played out with a human drama. Edison released "The Temple of Moloch' late in 1914, "Produced in Co-operation with the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis". The title has to do with the idea of human sacrifice, as Moloch was greedy for burnt offerings, and tuberculosis too has shown an insatiable hunger for flesh.

The story:

Dedicated Dr. Jordan is increasingly concerned about the health risks suffered by workers at a local pottery factory. "In Harrison Pratt's badly ventilated and dusty pottery the doctor finds the workers easy prey to tuberculosis." The doctor can point out consumptive workers, but the only result is that the stricken men are dismissed and replaced by fresh victims.

The good doctor visits the humble home of the Swansons, where Eric Swanson can't shake the consumptive cough he picked up while working at the Pratt pottery factory and the children are obviously at great risk of infection. The Swansons are a virtual How to Do Everything Wrong poster family, and when the doctor instructs them on preventive hygiene (like not sharing his water cup with the kids and not spitting on the floor) and ventilation they ignore his warnings.

"Eloise Pratt becomes interested in Dr. Jordan's work at the preventorium for children from tuberculous families." The pretty daughter of the wealthy factory owner volunteers in the doctor's crusade, assisting him in tending youngsters who have been exposed to the disease.

The inevitable tragedy strikes at the Swanson home! "A month later. The Swanson baby is too frail to resist tuberculosis." The doctor can do nothing to save the infant, and Papa Swanson rails against the factory owner. "I got the rot in the Pratt pottery and my curse is on Harrison Pratt!" he raves.

At Eloise's twentieth birthday celebration we notice that her younger brother has a touch of cough...

Dr. Jordan pleads with Harrison Pratt to improve conditions at the factory, but is ignored (he gets ignored a lot). Having no other recourse, the doctor exposes the situation publicly in the newspaper. Eloise is incensed at this attack on her father and gives the doctor what-for. "I am sorry, Miss Pratt, but the place is a modern Temple of Moloch. Children are fed to disease as they were fed to the ancient god." It doesn't take advanced lip-reading skills to tell that she's saying "I hate you! I hate you!" --which of course means that she really loves him.

Then, horrors! Eloise and then her brother fall ill, and the diagnoses is-- tuberculosis!

Word of this tragic irony gets around: "Swanson hears that Harrison Pratt is paying the penalty." Filled with vengeful glee, Eric Swanson rushes to the Pratt home, where the two young patients are seen in wheelchairs. Swanson tells how he fell ill from the conditions at the factory and then lost his job, carrying the disease home to his family (never mind ignoring advice about preventing contagion).

Harrison Pratt now states, somewhat confusingly, that "My daughter nursed your children and that is the way they (the Pratt children, not the Swanson) caught consumption." Having at last realized what a dreadful scourge TB is and his responsibility in having allowed it to flourish, he vows to mend his ways. "I shall clean up my property and stop the spread of tuberculosis."

That Christmas all is rosy, and we might infer that Eloise and the doctor have an understanding. Their joy is complete when Harrison Pratt donates a hefty amount to be used for preventoriums and fresh-air schools. The reel ends with a pitch to buy Red Cross Christmas stamps (a penny apiece) and support the crusade. A nice little drama, and a fascinating look at a point in the history of the battle against tuberculosis, which continues today.
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Unrelated to "Cabiria" of Same Year: Another Red Cross Seal Story
Cineanalyst18 September 2020
Reading this title, "The Temple of Moloch," my mind instantly went to memories of one of the most lavish spectacles of the 1914 Italian epic "Cabiria," but in this one-reeler (although the Blackhawk copy I saw seems as though it may be slightly abridged) we get sensationalism of another kind, to advertise in time for the Christmas charitable season donations to the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis (now known as the American Lung Association) via the Red Cross and Edison's film company. This seems to have been an annual tradition begun in 1910. Two other such films available today include "Hope" (1912), available from the website for the National Film Preservation Foundation, and "The Lone Game" (1915), included in the home-video set "Edison: The Invention of the Movies."

As in the others, this is a melodrama with a contrived comeuppance plot to lecture on the perils of consumption, which in the case of this film is seemingly connected with potter's rot (silicosis), as the infection is traced back to a badly ventilated and dusty pottery. Viewing this in 2020, during another pandemic, it seems as though not much has changed. The doctor lectures a poor family on how to protect themselves, to which advice they ignore--although, granted, the guy did try to steal their baby away to a "preventarium." And the owner of the potteries equally ignores the dangers he puts his employees in until the disease boomerangs back onto his family. (It might be worth noting that this is told in flashback by the worker to the boss, which is rather unexpectedly non-straightforward plotting for such a film. There, noted.) Maybe they should start making these films again, because it doesn't seem we quite learned our lesson. As the doc colorfully says here, "The place is a modern Temple of Moloch. Children are fed to disease as they were fed to the ancient god."
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