- Won three Tony Awards as Best Book (Musical): in 1973 for "A Little Night Music;" in 1974 for "Candide;" and in 1979 for "Sweeney Todd." He was also nominated posthumously in the same category in 1990 for "Meet Me in St. Louis."
- His mystery novels were greatly admired by his friend Sir John Gielgud, who also directed the original Broadway production of Wheeler's play "Big Fish, Little Fish".
- With Stephen Sondheim and John Weidman, he was awarded the 2004 Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for Outstanding Musical Production of 2003 for Pacific Overtures performed at the Donmar Warehouse.
- He lived in the United States from 1934 until his death and became an American citizen in 1942.
- Wheeler wrote mystery stories under various pen names (Patrick Quentin, Q. Patrick, and Jonathan Stagge) with different writing partners: Martha Mott Kelley, Mary Louise White Aswell, and most frequently Richard W. Webb. Wheeler and Webb's collaborations were adapted for TV and film on numerous occasions.
- In 1963, his 1961 collection, The Ordeal of Mrs. Snow was given a Special Edgar Award by the Mystery Writers of America.
- Wheeler is credited as "research consultant" for the film Cabaret, though numerous sources list him as co-writer of the screenplay.
- Prior to his death in 1987 Hugh Wheeler was working on two new musicals, Bodo and Fu Manchu, and a new adaptation of The Merry Widow.
- He was a British novelist, screenwriter, librettist, poet and translator.
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